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Clause 20

applies only to criminal proceedings for indictable offences. It permits certain comment by the judge or any party (other than the prosecutor) on a failure by a defendant, his or her spouse or de facto partner or child, to give evidence. Any such comment, however, (except when made by a co-defendant) must not suggest that the failure to give evidence was because the defendant was guilty of the offence concerned, or believes himself or herself to be guilty of the offence. If such comment is made by or on behalf of a co-defendant, the judge may comment on both the failure to give evidence and the co- defendant's comment. Division 2—Oaths and affirmations